常识“高陵勿向，背丘勿逆”是什么意思，起源、典故、生平简介及释义-历史文化

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常识	高陵勿向，背丘勿逆
释义	高陵勿向，背丘勿逆春秋时孙武提出的战术原则。语见《孙子·军争》。陵，大的土山，丘，小的土山。向，逆，均指正面迎敌。敌若占据高地，不可仰攻；敌若背倚丘陵来战，不可以迎击。孟氏曰：“敌背丘陵为阵，无有后患，则当引军平地，勿迎击之。”杜牧曰：“自下趋高者力乏，自高趋下者势顺也，故不可向迎。”（《宋本十一家注孙子》）此皆依据战场之地形而采取相应的对策。
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